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Prostate Cancer
Know More About Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Many prostate cancers grow slowly and are confined to the prostate gland, where they may not cause serious harm. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly. Prostate cancer that's detected early - when it's still confined to the prostate gland - has the best chance for successful treatment.
What are the signs & symptoms of prostate cancer?
Prostate cancer that's more advanced may cause signs and symptoms such as:
- Trouble urinating
- Decreased force in the stream of urine
- Blood in the urine
- Blood in the semen
- Bone pain
- Losing weight without trying
- Erectile dysfunction
Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
- Digital rectal exam (DRE)
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
- Prostate transrectal biopsy
- Transrectal biopsy of the prostate
- Ultrasound
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
Treatment modalities availiable
Low-grade prostate cancer :
May not need treatment right away. For some, treatment may never be needed. Instead, doctors sometimes recommend active surveillance.
Surgery :
Laparoscopic Prostatectomy:
In a laparoscopic prostatectomy, the surgeon makes several smaller incisions and uses special long surgical tools to remove the prostate. The surgeon either holds the tools directly or uses a control panel to precisely move robotic arms that hold the tools.
Radical retropubic prostatectomy:
For this open operation, the surgeon makes an incision (cut) in your lower abdomen, from the belly button down to the pubic bone, as shown in the picture below. You will either be under general anaesthesia (asleep) or be given spinal or epidural anaesthesia (numbing the lower half of the body) along with sedation during the surgery.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP):
This operation is more often used to treat men with non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). But it is also sometimes used in men with advanced prostate cancer to help relieve symptoms, such as trouble urinating.